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Benzene in sunscreen side effects11/23/2023 ![]() Oxybenzone can permeate across the skin and accumulate in blood, the kidneys and the liver, and may be toxic to liver cells. Organ System Toxicity: The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) classifies benzophenone as a known toxicant because benzophenone can cause liver hypertrophy in the rat at lower doses. In addition, BP4 interferes with the expression of genes that control sex hormones in zebrafish, a species widely used to measure endocrine activity of substances. īenzophenone 4 (BP4) has low levels of estrogenic activity in studies of cells, but this activity did not lead to changes in body weight and length in fish, which is a sensitive measure of estrogen exposure. BP2, BP8 and THB stimulate the proliferation (growth and multiplication) of MCF-7 cells, which are used to test for estrogenic activity. Although the evidence is mixed with regard to oxybenzone’s capacity to mimic estrogen, it can be converted into other forms that exhibit estrogenic potencies such as BP8 and 2,4,4’-trihydroxy-benzophenone (THB). Studies in adult rats found that oxybenzones do not have effects on the uterus. ![]() Studies of estrogenic activity and reproductive effects of oxybenzone found that oxybenzone can alter reproductive endpoints in fish species. Other research suggests oxybenzone has estrogenic activity, as indicated by studies of estrogen-sensitive MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, but other studies found less estrogenic activity. Some studies indicate that the benzophenone derivative, oxybenzone, can elicit strong anti-androgenic activities in a human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-kb2. The European Commission on Endocrine Disruption has determined that there is not yet sufficient evidence that benzophenone itself is a human endocrine disruptor. Studies in adult rats show that benzophenones that are metabolized can exhibit estrogenic activities. However, studies of benzophenone in juvenile female rats conclude that benzophenone s not estrogenic itself, but may become estrogenic when it is metabolized by the body into other chemicals (for instance, the benzophenone metabolite p-hydrosybenzophenone is estrogenic). Some studies indicate that benzophenone has little estrogenic activity. The evidence linking benzophenone and different derivatives to endocrine disruption is complex, and research suggests that different benzophenones have different endocrine effects. It can affect the endocrine system indirectly by changing gene expression. Įndocrine disruption: Benzophenone and its derived chemicals may influence the endocrine system. Experimental studies suggest benzophenone may lead to several kinds of tumors. Cancer: The California EPA’s Proposition 65 list identifies benzophenone as a possible human carcinogen.
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